India’s Foreign Policy Notes:
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TNPSC Indian Polity Study Materials/ Notes:
I. Choose the correct answer.
1. Which Minister plays a vital role in molding the foreign policy of our country?
(a) Defense Minister (b) Prime Minister (c) External Affairs Minister (d) Home Minister
2. The Panchseel treaty has been signed between:
(a) India and Nepal (b) India and Pakistan (c) India and China (d) India and Sri Lanka
3. Which article of the Indian constitution directs to adoption of foreign policy?
(a) Article 50 (b) Article 51 (c) Article 52 (d) Article 53
4. Apartheid is:
(a) An international association (b) Energy diplomacy (c) A policy of racial discrimination (d) None of these
5. The Agreement signed by India and China in 1954 related to …………..
(a) Trade and Commerce (b) Restoration of normal relations (c) Cultural exchange programs (d) The Five Principles of Co-existence
6. Which is not related to our foreign policy?
(a) World co-operation (b) World peace (c) Racial equality (d) Colonialism
7. Which of the following country is not the founder member of NAM?
(a) Yugoslavia (b) Indonesia (c) Egypt (d) Pakistan
8. Find the odd one:
(a) Social welfare (b) Health care (c) Diplomacy (d) Domestic affairs
9. Non-Alliance means ………..
(a) being neutral (b) freedom to decide on issues independently (c) demilitarisation (d) None of the above
10. Non–military issues are:
(a) Energy security (b) Water security (c) Pandemics (d) All the above.
II. Fill in the blanks.
1. India conducted its first nuclear test at …………
2. At present our foreign policy acts as a means to generate ……….. for domestic growth and development.
3. ……….. is the instrument for implementing the foreign policy of a state.
4. …………. was India’s policy in the face of the bipolar order of the Cold War.
5. Our tradition and national ethos are to practice …………..
Answers:
1. Pokhran
2. inward investment, business, and technology
3. Diplomacy
4. Non-Alignment
5. disarmament
III. Consider the following statement and tick the appropriate answer.
1. Arrange the following in the correct chronological order and choose the correct answer from the code given below.
(i) Panchsheel
(ii) Nuclear test at Pokhran
(iii) Twenty-year Treaty
(iv) First Nuclear test
(a) i, iii, iv, ii
(b) i, ii, iii, iv
(c) i, ii, iv, iii
(d) i, iii, ii, iv
Answer:
(c) i, ii, iv, iii
2. Which of the following is not about NAM?
(i) The term Non-Alignment was coined by V. Krishna Menon
(ii) It aimed to maintain national independence in foreign affairs by joining any military alliance
(iii) At present it has 120 member countries
(iv) It has transformed to an economical movement
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (iii) and (iv)
(c) (ii) only
(d) (iv) only
Answer:
(c) (ii) only
3. Write true or false against each of the statement.
(a) During Cold War India tried to form a third bloc of nations in the international affairs.
(b) The Ministry of Home Affairs is responsible for the conduct of the country’s foreign relations.
(c) The nuclear test at Pokhran was done under Subterranean Nuclear Explosions Project.
Answer:
(a) True
(b) False
(c) True
4. Avoidance of military blocs was a necessity for India after political freedom. Because India had to redeemed from
(a) acute poverty
(b) illiteracy
(c) chaotic socio-economic conditions
(d) all the above
Answer:
(d) all the above
IV. Assertion and Reason:
1. Assertion (A): India aligned with Soviet Union by the Indo-Soviet treaty on 1971.
Reason (B): This began with a disastrous Indo-China war of 1962.
(a) A is correct and R explains A
(b) A is correct and R does not explain A
(c) A is correct and R is Wrong
(d) Both A and R are wrong
Answer:
(b) A is correct and R does not explain A
5.
Assertion (A): India has formal diplomatic relations with most of the nations.
Reason (R): India is the World’s second-most populous country.
(a) A is correct and R explains A
(b) A is correct and R does not explain A
(c) A is wrong and R is correct
(d) Both are wrong
Answer:
(b) A is correct and R does not explain A
IV. Match the following.
| 1. | Indian Ocean island | (a) | 1955 |
| 2. | Landbridge to ASEAN | (b) | 1954 |
| 3. | Panchsheel | (c) | Maldives |
| 4. | Afro Asian Conference | (d) | Foreign Policy |
| 5. | World Peace | (e) | Myanmar |
Answer:
1. (c)
2. (e)
3. (b)
4. (a)
5. (d)
V. Give Short Answers.
1. What is foreign policy?
Answer:
Foreign policy can be defined as a country’s policy that is conceived, designed and formulated to safeguard and promote her national interests in her external affairs in the conduct of relationships with other countries, both bilaterally and multilaterally.
2. Explain India’s nuclear policy.
Answer:
Indian nuclear programme in 1974 and 1998 is only done for strategic purposes. The two themes of India’s nuclear doctrine are
• No first use
• Credible minimum deterrence
It has decided not to use nuclear power for ‘offensive purposes’ and would never use against any non-nuclear state.
3. Highlight the contribution by Nehru to India’s foreign policy.
Answer:
- The most idealistic phase of India’s foreign policy under the guidance of India’s first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru.
- The new nations that got independence after the long period of colonial struggle found themselves in a very difficult situation with respect to economic development.
- So it was necessary to align with either of the blocs – United States of America U.S.A (or) Union Soviet Socialist Republic (U.S.S.R).
4. Differentiate: Domestic policy and Foreign policy
Answer:
| Domestic Policy | Foreign Policy |
| Domestic policy is the nation’s plan for dealing issues within its own nation. | Foreign policy is the nation’s plan for dealing with other nations. |
| It includes laws focusing on domestic affairs, social welfare, health care, education, civil rights, economic issues and social issues. | Trade, diplomacy, sanctions, defence, intelligence and global environments are the types of foreign policy. |
5. List any four guiding principles of Panchsheel.
Answer:
- Mutual non – aggression
- Mutual non – interference
- Equality and co-operation for mutual benefit
- Peaceful co-existence
6. What was the reason for India to choose the path of Non-Alignment?
Answer:
The new nations that got independence after the long period of colonial struggle found themselves in a very difficult situation with respect to economic development. So it was necessary to align with either of the blocs – United States of America (USA) or United Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR). Nehru, India’s first Prime Minister, was opposed to the rivalry of the two superpowers (America and Russia). So he chose the path of Non-Alignment.
7. In what ways are India’s global security concerns reflected?
Answer:
India’s global security concerns are reflected in its military modernization, maritime security, and nuclear policies.
8. List out the member countries of SAARC.
Answer:
The member countries are Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Maldives, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.
9. Name the architects of the Non-Aligned Movement.
Answer:
Jawaharlal Nehru of India, Tito of Yugoslavia, Nasser of Egypt, Sukarno of Indonesia, and KwameNkumarah of Ghana were the architects of the Non-Aligned Movement.
10. Mention the main tools of foreign policy.
Answer:
The main tools of foreign policy are treaties and executive agreements, appointing ambassadors, foreign aid, international trade, and armed forces.
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